Introduction and Contents of Пауэрлифтинг (Powerlifting)

One of the most important and effective ways of strengthening health and character, historically and in all cultures, has been and remains the practice of physical culture and sport. Powerlifting is a new type of sport, which appeared outside of Russia near the end of the 40s, beginning of the 50s, in the 20^th century. It arrived in Russia even later, and today powerlifting is spreading dynamically throughout the entire world.

During the study of sports training as a means of achieving maximum athlete potential, scientific-methodological literature has isolated relatively independent structures of preparation: technical, physical, tactical, mental and integrated [104, 135, 144]. The contents of the following work [1, 11, 21, 31, 43, 122, 124, 134, 155, 162, 176, 185, 194, 218, 227, 289] have to do with the terminology of athletic types of sport, the choosing of the most effective methods of teaching the technical aspects of competition movements and the development of physical qualities, planning, control and accounting for training and competition stresses, and so on. However, the scientific-methodological security of the teaching-training process in this kind of sport remains underdeveloped. There is a lack of objective instrumental data about the biomechanic structures of training and competition exercises, as well as scientifically grounded recommendations on the use of specific methods in the training process of powerlifters. All the material in this monograph is split into sections of ten main chapters.

Contents:

The first chapter tells of the history and birth of powerlifting in the world, Europe and Russia, restores the interrupted link of the times, revives the continuity of present and past culture, and returns tens of sport figure names to the modern age.

The second chapter deals with terminology. Many words and phrases are of foreign origin, since powerlifting came to us from across our border. Authors did not create new terms or substitute understanding. They just systematized that which already existed in the scientific methodological sport literature of powerlifting.

The third chapter describes base theories and the scientific basics of the training process and introduces the classification of competition exercises performed in the process of training.

Once the reader gets acquainted with the fourth chapter, they will know what role the cardiovascular, respiratory and nervous system play in the process of training, since during intense physical stress there is an exchange of substances in the body. The reader will also learn how excretory functions work and what role hormones play during this process, as well as how a person’s motor processes is based off of their body’s somatotype and constitutional psychology. In addition to everything listed, the chapter looks at the work of the main muscle groups during competition exercises, as well as other physiological questions.

The material in the fifth chapter acquaints readers with the general understanding of technique in powerlifting and the phase structure of competition exercises and their periodization. The chapter presents, for the first time, biomechanic video analysis of the competition exercises, done by powerlifter athletes at the highest tier of their sport. Their technique for every form of the competition exercises is analyzed with the use of video.

The sixth chapter devotes the greatest amount of time to errors made during the practice of competition exercises, as well as factors that contribute toward these errors and methods to eliminate them. The materials in the chapter have clearly differentiated characteristics. The chapter develops and concretizes general principles of teaching beginning athletes.

From the seventh chapter, you can get information about powerlifter gear and the companies that produce the specialized clothes and footwear. Examples of bench shirts, squat suits and deadlifting suits, as well as knee wraps, straps and other gear are given in the chapter, with many photographs provided.

The eight and ninth chapters discuss methodologies to train athletes at different levels of experience. 

Examples of training programs for athletes are provided as well.

In the tenth chapter, readers will learn about proper eating for athletes and methods for recovery.

In this way, the authors of this monograph have laid out the material that will help readers creatively and practically approach the building of a training process, using primarily new information. Methodologies of training processes are recommended as well.

Scientific and methodological works of both domestic and foreign authors that study strength sports were used during the work on this monograph. Data from scientific studies, conducted at the department of theory and methodologies of resistance training, boxing and fencing at the Bashkirov Institute of Physical Education was used as well. The general experience of leading coaches and strong athletes of the Republic of Bashkorostan and Russia was used as well.

Chapters one and two are written by the esteemed Russian trainer B. I. Sheiko with the doctor of education, professor and esteemed Russian trainer P. S. Gorylev.

The materials of the fourth chapter (4.1 – 4.9) were prepared by the doctor of biological sciences, Professor E. R. Rymancheva. The materials in chapter 3, 5 through 9 and chapter 4.10 are written by the esteemed trainer of Russia, B. I. Sheiko.

The materials of the tenth chapter were prepared by R. A. Chedovym.

The authors of the monograph “Powerlifting” give special thanks to the doctor of education sciences, Professor G. P. Vinogradov and to the doctor of educational sciences, Professor A. V. Samsonovoi. Without their highly professional competency, the monograph could not have been completed.

Special appreciation to the doctor of technical sciences, Professor S. V. Fetisov, who took it upon himself to analyze the complicated biomechanic systems exhibited during the competition exercises of powerlifting, and also to the senior lecturer of the Bashkirov Institute, E. V. Ohlieva for providing over 500 photographs.